LAMP2 belongs to the family of membrane glycoproteins who confer selectins with carbohydrate ligands. LAMP2 has been implicated in tumor cell metastasis, as well as overall protection, maintenance, and adhesion of the lysosome. It appears that LAMP2 may protect the lysosomal membrane from autophagy, as well as maintain the required acidic environment necessary for proper function. LAMP2 is a single-pass type I membrane protein that shuttles between endosomes, lysosomes, and the plasma membrane. Bhandari’s group performed immunofluorescence using a LAMP2 antibody to characterize the E3 ubiquitin atrophin-interacting protein 4 (AIP)-arrestin-2 complex and its regulation of chemokine receptor CXCR4 sorting in endsomes1. LAMP2 mutations result in the lysosomal glycogen storage disease "Danon Disease", which is characterized by the accumulation of autophagic material in striated myocytes. This breakthrough finding that a structural, rather than enzymatic, lysosomal protein was responsible for a human cardiopathy-myopathy disease was the first discovery of its kind and was published by Nishino et al in Nature with the aid of the LAMP2 antibody2.
Immunohistochemistry: LAMP2 Antibody
Immunohistochemistry with a LAMP2 antibody was done by a Swiss group in their expression fingerprints of pancreatic carcinomas3. This research group profiled LAMP1, LAMP2, and Mac-2-BP and found that only LAMP1 correlated with local tumor progression but not metastasis formation in their samples. Immunofluorescence studies with a LAMP2 antibody by Iwata’s group at Stanford found that proper autophagy of aggregates within CNS neurons requires both the cytoplasmic acetylase HDAC6, as well as an intact microtubule structural network4. A link to retinal degeneration has also been demonstrated by additional immunofluorescence experiments with the LAMP2 antibody in studies on CEP290, which causes an array of blindness and debilitating eye diseases5. These researchers determined that CEP290 is an integral structural and functional component of the cilium.
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