Description
Procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide, also called P1NP, is a bone formation marker that is indicative of type I collagen disposition (1). P1NP is generated from the major bone protein Type I Collagen and is cleaved by proteases at the amino (N) terminal and released into the bloodstream (1-3). Typically, P1NP is released in a trimeric form, consisting of two alpha-1 chains and one alpha-2 chain, prior to being broken-down into monomers or fragments (1). Antibodies to P1NP commonly detect the trimeric structure using ELISA or radioimmunoassay applications (1). P1NP is most notably known for being a bone turnover marker, along with CTX-1, and is particularly useful for osteoporosis studies (2-4). While P1NP is used to detect bone formation, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1) is contrastingly used for bone resorption (2-4). Bone mineral density (BMD) as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a common measurement of osteoporosis status and is frequently used in conjunction with P1NP and CTX-1 levels (2-4). P1NP can be collected and measured either via a blood test or urine test and is beneficial in that its levels are largely unaffected by food intake or circadian rhythms (3-4). One study of postmenopausal females found that the osteoporotic group had significantly higher average P1NP levels (51.7 ng/mL), suggestive of high bone turnover, compared to the normal range in the healthy, control group (38.9 ng/mL) and is inversely correlated with BMD (2). P1NP levels have also been shown to increase following antiresorptive therapy (3). Additionally, P1NP is considered a diagnostic marker for bone metastasis in breast cancer and prostate cancer (5). Specifically, studies found elevated P1NP serum levels is correlated with presence of bone metastasis and skeletal lesions (5).
References
1. Kuo, T. R., & Chen, C. H. (2017). Bone biomarker for the clinical assessment of osteoporosis: recent developments and future perspectives. Biomarker Research. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40364-017-0097-4
2. Kucukalic-Selimovic, E., Valjevac, A., & Hadzovic-Dzuvo, A. (2013). The utility of procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide for the bone status assessment in postmenopausal women. Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2013.2337
3. Wheater, G., Elshahaly, M., Tuck, S. P., Datta, H. K., & van Laar, J. M. (2013). The clinical utility of bone marker measurements in osteoporosis. Journal of Translational Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-11-201
4. Williams, C., & Sapra, A. (2020). Osteoporosis Markers. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.
5. D'Oronzo, S., Brown, J., & Coleman, R. (2017). The role of biomarkers in the management of bone-homing malignancies. Journal of Bone Oncology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbo.2017.09.001
Bioinformatics
| Product By Gene ID |
1277 |
| Alternate Names |
- Alpha-1 type I collagen
- alpha1(I) procollagen
- amino-terminal propeptide
- CAFYD
- COL1A1
- collagen alpha 1 chain type I
- collagen alpha-1(I) chain preproprotein
- collagen alpha-1(I) chain
- collagen of skin, tendon and bone, alpha-1 chain
- collagen, type I, alpha 1
- EDSARTH1
- EDSC
- OI1
- OI2
- OI3
- OI4
- PINP
- pro-alpha-1 collagen type 1
- type I proalpha 1
- Type I Procollagen Alpha 1 Chain
|
