CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody [HRP]

Product Discontinued

CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody [HRP] Summary

• Description: CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody [HRP] was heated to 56C for 30 minutes.
• Immunogen: This purified antibody was prepared from whole rabbit serum produced by repeated immunizations with full length recombinant human MIP-1 beta protein.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Gene: CCL4
• Purity: Delipidation and Defibrination

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA 1:10000
  • Western Blot 1:500
• Application Notes: This protein-A purified antibody has been tested for use in ELISA and western blotting.Expect a band approximately 15 kDa in size corresponding - human MIP-1Beta protein by western blotting in the appropriate cell lysate or extract. Immunology Research
• Readout System:
  • NovaLume Plus Chemiluminescent Reagent LUM-555

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store lyophilized antibody at 4C. Aliquot reconstituted liquid and store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: 0.02 M Potassium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2, 10 mg/mL Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) - Immunoglobulin and Protease free
• Preservative: 0.01% Gentamicin Sulfate
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Purity: Delipidation and Defibrination
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute with 100 ul deionized water.

Alternate Names for CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody [HRP]

• ACT2
• ACT-2
• AT744.1
• C-C motif chemokine 4
• CCL4
• chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4
• Exodus-3
• G-26 T-lymphocyte-secreted protein
• G-26
• HC21
• LAG1
• LAG-1
• Lymphocyte activation gene 1 protein
• Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta
• MIP1 beta
• MIP-1 beta
• MIP-1 beta/CCL4
• MIP1B
• MIP1B1
• MIP-1-beta
• MIP-1-beta(1-69)
• PAT 744
• Protein H400
• SCYA2
• SCYA4
• secreted protein G-26
• SIS-gamma
• small inducible cytokine A4 (homologous to mouse Mip-1b)
• Small-inducible cytokine A4
• T-cell activation protein 2

Background

Macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta; MIP-1b) belongs to the chemokine family. Chemokines are small secreted molecules containing 4 conserved cysteine residues and 2 disulfide linkages. The first two cysteine residues of chemokine molecules may be in one of the following configurations, CC or CXC and this defines the two major chemokine sub-families. MIP-1 beta is a CC chemokine and its recent designation is chemokine ligand 4, (CCL4). MIP-1 beta is expressed from activated monocytes, T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and its expression can be inhibited by IL-10 and IL-4. It is also expressed from non-immune somatic cells such as brain endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, the pineal gland, prostate cells, the liver, spleen and fetal microglial cells. MIP-1 beta exhibits chemotactic properties for monocytes, T-lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, immature dendritic cells and NK cells, and plays a role in the transendothelial migration and activation of monocytes, T-lymphocytes, neutrophils and dendritic cells. MIP-1 beta is synthesized as a precursor protein of 92 amino acids that includes a cleaved 23 amino acid signal sequence. It has a molecular mass of approximately 8 kDa and may exist as a symmetrical homodimer or as a heterodimer with the related chemokine, MIP-1 alpha. This is a HCX protein. HCX Expression System Details HCX proteins mimic the proteins in the human body because they are expressed from human, rather than animal, insect or bacterial cells. This process gives them human post-translational modifications. Recombinant DNA techniques allow a human protein with the correct amino acid sequence to be expressed in a non-human cell line. However, non-human cells lack the appropriate cellular machinery, such as specific glycosyltransferases, necessary to produce the correct human post-translational modifications of a protein. An extreme example is seen in E. coli cells, which produce recombinant proteins with no glycosylation, as the above figure illustrates. Rodent and yeast cells are able to glycosylate proteins, but they are still different from glycosylation in human cells. Expression System Resultant Proteins Human (e.g. K562, HEK293) Correct amino acid sequence Human post-translational modifications Rodent (e.g. CHO, NSO) Correct amino acid sequence Some natural glycosylation - not human-like Yeast (e.g. Pichia) Correct amino acid sequence Some natural glycosylation - not human-like E.Coli Correct amino acid sequence No PTMs Although there have been significant attempts to make non-human cell derived cytokines more human-like, there is a growing awareness that in many instances, particularly in therapeutics, cytokines should mimic those found in the body as closely as possible.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CCL4