VEGF Antibody (VEGF/1063)

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: VEGF Antibody (VEGF/1063) [NBP2-45235] - Human Tonsil stained with VEGF Monoclonal Antibody (VEGF/1063).

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: VEGF Antibody (VEGF/1063) [NBP2-45235] - Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human Ovarian Carcinoma stained with VEGF Antibody (VEGF/1063).

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: VEGF Antibody (VEGF/1063) [NBP2-45235] - Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human Tonsil stained with VEGF Antibody (VEGF/1063).

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Ca, Rb
• Applications: ICC/IF, IHC
• Clone: VEGF/1063
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: 0.2 mg/ml

VEGF Antibody (VEGF/1063) Summary

• Description: 200ug/ml of antibody purified from Bioreactor Concentrate by Protein A or G. Prepared in 10 mM PBS with 0.05% BSA & 0.05% azide. Also available WITHOUT BSA & azide at 1.0 mg/ml. (NBP3-11437)
  
  Antibody with azide - store at 2 to 8C. Antibody without azide - store at -20 to -80C.
• Immunogen: Human VEGF recombinant protein (Uniprot: P15692)
• Localization: Cytoplasmic, Cell Surface and Extracellular (Secreted)
• Specificity: This monoclonal antibody recognizes proteins of 19-22kDa (reducing) and 38kDa-44kDa (non-reducing), identified as various isoforms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor or Vascular Permeability Factor (VEGF/VPF). It is highly specific to VEGF, which is a homodimeric, disulfide-linked glycoprotein with a close homology to platelet derived growth factor (PDGF). There are multiple isoforms of VEGF containing 206-, 189-, 165-, and 121-amino acid residues. The smaller two isoforms, VEGF165 and VEGF121, are secreted proteins and act as diffusible agents, whereas the larger two remain cell associated. VEGF/VPF plays an important role in angiogenesis, which promotes tumor progression and metastasis.
• Isotype: IgG1 Kappa
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Gene: VEGFA
• Purity: Protein A or G purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence 1-2 ug/ml
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Immunohistochemistry-Frozen
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin 4-8 ug/ml
• Application Notes: Immunohistochemistry (Formalin-fixed): 4-8ug/ml for 30 minutes at RT. Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires heating tissue sections in 1mM EDTA buffer, pH 8.0, for 45 min at 95C followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes.
  Optimal dilution for a specific application should be determined.
  Use in Immunohistochemistry-Frozen reported in scientific literature (PMID: 29570992).

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at 4C.
• Buffer: 10 mM PBS with 0.05% BSA
• Preservative: 0.05% Sodium Azide
• Concentration: 0.2 mg/ml
• Purity: Protein A or G purified

Alternate Names for VEGF Antibody (VEGF/1063)

• MVCD1
• VAS
• vascular endothelial growth factor A
• Vascular permeability factor
• Vasculotropin
• VEGF
• VEGFA
• VEGF-A
• VEGFMGC70609
• VPF
• VPFvascular endothelial growth factor

Background

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also called VEGF-A and vascular permeability factor (VPF), is a secreted homodimeric glycoprotein belonging to the VEGF family with a role in stimulating angiogenesis and vasculogenesis (1,2). More specifically, VEGF-A secretion from most cell types contributes to promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration, inhibiting apoptosis, increasing vascular permeability, and wound healing (1). The VEGF family consists of several members including VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E, VEGF-F, and placenta growth factor (PLGF) (1-4). As a result of alternative splicing of the eight exon VEGFA gene, there are several VEGF-A protein isoforms of 121, 145, 165, 183, 189, and 206 amino acids (aa) in length, with VEGF121 and VEGF165 being the two most expressed isoforms (1,5). Full length VEGF-A monomer has a 26 aa signal sequence plus a 206 aa (VEGF206) sequence, with a theoretic molecular weight (MW) of 27 kDa, containing VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and VEGR2 binding sites and heparin-binding domains (1-3,5,6). VEGF121 lacks heparin affinity and binds the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, whereas VEGF165 has moderate affinity for heparin and, in addition to being a ligand for VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, can also bind the co-receptors neuropilin 1 (NRP1) and NRP2 (1,5). Hypoxia and hypoxia-related genes such as HIF-1, EGF, and PDGF are major regulators angiogenesis and VEGF expression (1,3). VEGF signaling initiated by ligand binding to its receptors results in activation of different pathways including PI3K and MAPK and ultimately guides endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and survival (1,3). While VEGF plays an important role in promoting normal angiogenesis and blood vessel formation, its expression is often upregulated in tumors and other angiogenesis-related pathologies like osteroarthritis (OA) (1-5,7). Given its function, VEGF and its receptors have become a therapeutic target for treating cancer and blocking angiogenesis (4,5,7). A recombinant humanized monoclonal anti-VEGFA antibody called bevacizumab (Avastin) was first approved by the FDA in 2004 for the treatment of a number of cancers (1-3,5). Cancer patients may experience resistance to anti-VEGF antibodies and, as such, clinical studies are exploring combination treatment options with chemotherapies and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (3,5).

References

1. Melincovici CS, Bosca AB, susman S, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - key factor in normal and pathological angiogenesis. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2018;59(2):455-467.

2. Shaik F, Cuthbert GA, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Muench SP, Ponnambalam S, Harrison MA. Structural Basis for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Activation and Implications for Disease Therapy. Biomolecules. 2020;10(12):1673. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10121673

3. Apte RS, Chen DS, Ferrara N. VEGF in Signaling and Disease: Beyond Discovery and Development. Cell. 2019;176(6):1248-1264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.021

4. Matsumoto K, Ema M. Roles of VEGF-A signalling in development, regeneration, and tumours. J Biochem. 2014;156(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvu031

5. Itatani Y, Kawada K, Yamamoto T, Sakai Y. Resistance to Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Cancer-Alterations to Anti-VEGF Pathway. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(4):1232. Published 2018 Apr 18. doi:10.3390/ijms19041232

6. Uniprot (P15692)

7. Hamilton JL, Nagao M, Levine BR, Chen D, Olsen BR, Im HJ. Targeting VEGF and Its Receptors for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis and Associated Pain. J Bone Miner Res. 2016;31(5):911-924. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2828

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for VEGF Antibody (NBP2-45235)(3)

Publications using NBP2-45235

• Safaa A. Hassan, Amal Taha Abou Elghait, Zainab S. Abdelqader, Fatma Y. Meligy Therapeutic efficiency of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in healing of experimentally induced gastric ulcers in rats Anatomy & Cell Biology 2021-10-01 [PMID: 34290152]
• Wang Y, Zhang X, Hua Z et al. Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Imaging and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion MRI of Early Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in a Rabbit Model Kidney Blood Press. Res. 2019-06-28 [PMID: 31256149] (IF/IHC, Rabbit)
• Longchamp A, Mirabella T, Arduini A et al. Amino Acid Restriction Triggers Angiogenesis via GCN2/ATF4 Regulation of VEGF and H2S Production. Cell. 2018-03-22 [PMID: 29570992] (IHC-Fr)

FAQs for VEGF Antibody (NBP2-45235). (Showing 1 - 1 of 1 FAQs).

1. Why is the molecular weight of VEGF different from the similar antibody, for some companies the the molecular weight is 40KD)?
   • I can't comment on another company's antibody because I don't have any information about their products. I can tell you that VEGF is expressed in a variety of isoforms and is subject to various post-translational modifications that influence its apparent molecular weight in an SDS-PAGE gel compared to the theoretical molecular weight.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: VEGFA
• Uniprot:
  • P15692()
  • P15692()