CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) - BSA Free

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - Cynomolgus monkey spleen. IHC-P image submitted by a verified customer review.

Flow Cytometry: CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - Staining of rat peritoneal macrophages cells.

Flow Cytometry: CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - Staining of rat peritoneal macrophages.

Flow Cytometry: CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - Staining of rat peritoneal macrophages

Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - The feline macrophage containing section was incubated with the antibody at 1:50 and the section was further stained with Alexa secondary antibody. Image was captured with an epifluorescence microscope. IHC-Fr image submitted by a verified customer review.

Flow Cytometry: CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - Decidual Macrophages were analyzed with a BD LSRFortessa. Antibody was diluted 1:100 in staining buffer before use. Isotype control is in Red. Sample with NB600-985AF700 is in Blue. Image from the Alexa Fluor 700 version of this antibody.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - Staining of rat liver

Flow Cytometry: CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - Staining of rat peritoneal macrophages cells.

Flow Cytometry: CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - An intracellular stain was performed on Jurkat cells with BAK antibody (8B4) NBP1-74026PE (blue) and a matched isotype control NB600-985PE (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeablized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 1 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature. Both antibodies were conjugated to phycoerythrin. Image using the PE form of this antibody.

Flow (Intracellular): CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) [NB600-985] - An intracellular stain was performed on U-937 cells with CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) NB600-985PE (blue) and a matched isotype control (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeabilized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 5 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature. Both antibodies were conjugated to phycoerythrin.

• Reactivity: Rt
• Applications: WB, Flow, ICC/IF, IHC, IP
• Clone: ED1
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Format: BSA Free
• Concentration: 1.0 mg/ml

CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) - BSA Free Summary

• Immunogen: Rat spleen cells
• Marker: Macrophage Marker
• Specificity: This CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) recognizes a single chain glycoprotein of 110 kDa that is expressed predominantly on the lysosomal membrane of myeloid cells. Weak cell surface expression also occurs. The antigen is expressed by the majority of tissue macrophages and weakly by peripheral blood granulocytes. Studies have shown that the antigen recognized by ED1 is the rat homologue of human CD68.
• Isotype: IgG1
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Gene: CD68
• Purity: Protein A purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Flow (Intracellular)
  • Flow Cytometry 1:50 - 1:100
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence 1:10 - 1:500
  • Immunohistochemistry 1:10 - 1:500
  • Immunohistochemistry-Frozen 1:10 - 1:500
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin 1:100
  • Immunoprecipitation 1:10 - 1:500
  • Western Blot 1:100 - 1:2000
• Application Notes: Flow Cytometry: Use 10 uL of the suggested working dilution (1:50 - 1:100) to label 10^6 cells in 100 uL. Membrane permeabilization is required for Flow Cytometry. Immunohistology on frozen and paraffin sections: Use at a dilution of 1:100, requires protein digestion pretreatment with pronase or trypsin. WB: Use at an assay dependent dilution. IP: Use at an assay dependent dilution. RIA: Use at an assay dependent dilution.

Reactivity Notes

Predicted cross-reactivities: Bovine

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: PBS
• Preservative: 0.09% Sodium Azide
• Concentration: 1.0 mg/ml
• Purity: Protein A purified

Alternate Names for CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (ED1) - BSA Free

• CD_antigen: CD68
• CD68 antigen
• CD68 molecule
• CD68
• DKFZp686M18236
• gp110
• LAMP4
• macrophage antigen CD68
• Macrosialin
• SCARD1
• scavenger receptor class D, member 1
• SRD1
• SR-D1

Background

Human CD68, also known as GP110, LAMP4, Scavenger Receptor D1 (SR-D1) or macrosialin in mouse, encodes a 110-kD transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the lysosomal/endosomal-associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP) family. Members of the LAMP family include LAMP-1, LAMP-2, dendritic cell (DC)-LAMP (aka CD208), and brain and dendritic cell-associated (BAD)-LAMP (aka LAMP-5). Unlike the two LAMP domains facing the lysosomal lumen in LAMP-1 and LAMP-2, CD68 has a single LAMP domain containing four cystines spaced 36-37 residues apart along with an N-terminal Mucin-like domain. The 354 amino acid (a.a.) human CD68 and 326 a.a. murine ortholog share 80.6% a.a. sequence identity (1).

CD68 is highly expressed in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system such as macrophages, microglia, osteoclasts, and myeloid dendritic cells (DCs); and is expressed to a lesser extent in lymphoid cells (CD19+ B lymphocytes and CD4+ T lymphocytes), human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), fibroblasts, endothelial cells, multiple non-hematopoietic cancer cell lines, and human arterial intimal smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Expression has been also observed in diseased states for granulocytes and neutrophils, in particular basophils from myeloproliferative disorders and intestinal neutrophils from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), respectively (1).

Although the function of CD68 has yet to be established, it has often been used as an immunohistochemistry (IHC) marker of inflammation and for granular cell tumors (GCTs). CD68+ tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) has been suggested to be a predictive marker for poor cancer prognosis, but a meta-analysis showed the presence of CD68 is not correlated with survival (2). In addition, a role in hepatic malaria infection has been reported based on the finding that peptide P39 binds CD68, considered a receptor for malaria sporozoite, and inhibits parasite entry into Kupffer cells. CD68 was deemed a member of the Scavenger receptor family due to its upregulation in macrophages following inflammatory stimuli, ability to bind modified LDL, phosphatidylserine, and apoptotic cells, as well as shuttling between the plasma membrane and endosomes. CD68 has been linked to atherogenesis based on binding and internalization of its ligand, oxLDL (1).

References

1. Chistiakov, DA, Killingsworth, MC, Myasoedova, VA. Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV. (2017) CD68/macrosialin: not just a histochemical marker. Lab Invest. 97:4-13. PMID: 27869795

2. Troiano G, Caponio VCA, Adipietro I, Tepedino M, Santoro R, Laino L, Lo Russo L, Cirillo N, Lo Muzio L. (2019) Prognostic significance of CD68+ and CD163+ tumor associated macrophages in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol. 93:66-75. PMID: 31109698.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (NB600-985)(22)

Publications using NB600-985

• Zhao B, Li M, Zhang H et Al. M1 polarization of hepatic macrophages in cows with subclinical ketosis is an important cause of liver injury J Dairy Sci 2024-12-06 [PMID: 39647630]
• L Li, ZC Yao, A Parian, YH Yang, J Chao, J Yin, KJ Salimian, SK Reddy, A Zaheer, SL Gearhart, HQ Mao, FM Selaru A nanofiber-hydrogel composite improves tissue repair in a rat model of Crohn's disease perianal fistulas Science Advances, 2023-01-04;9(1):eade1067. 2023-01-04 [PMID: 36598982] (Flow Cytometry, Mouse)
• Al-Qazazi R, Lima PDA, Prisco SZ Et al. Macrophage-NLRP3 Activation Promotes Right Ventricle Failure in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022-06-14 [PMID: 35699679] (FLOW, Rat)
  
  Details:
  Citation using the Alexa Fluor 700 version of this antibody.
• Keyan Hu, Lei Liu, Songtao Tang, Xin Zhang, Hongfeng Chang, Wenyang Chen, Taotao Fan, Lesha Zhang, Bing Shen, Qiu Zhang MicroRNA-221-3p inhibits the inflammatory response of keratinocytes by regulating the DYRK1A/STAT3 signaling pathway to promote wound healing in diabetes Communications Biology 2024-03-09 [PMID: 38461326]
• Haba D, Ohmiya T, Sekino M et al. Efficacy of wearable vibration dressings on full-thickness wound healing in a hyperglycemic rat model Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society 2023-11-11 [PMID: 37950849] (IHC-P, Rat)
• Baldeon-Gutierrez R, Ohkura N, Yoshiba K et al. Wound-healing Processes After Pulpotomy in the Pulp Tissue of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Model Rats Journal of endodontics 2023-11-07 [PMID: 37939821]
• Baek JJ Treatment During Abstinence from Methamphetamine in a Rat Model of Methamphetamine Use Disorder Thesis 2022-01-01 (WB, Rat)
• Somarathna M, Hwang PT, Millican RC Et al. Nitric oxide releasing nanomatrix gel treatment inhibits venous intimal hyperplasia and improves vascular remodeling in a rodent arteriovenous fistula Biomaterials 2021-11-18 [PMID: 34836683] (IHC-P, Rat)
• Roy Bc, Ahmed I, Stubbs J Et Al. DCLK1 isoforms and aberrant Notch signaling in the regulation of human and murine colitis Cell death discovery 2021-06-17 [PMID: 34226497] (IHC-P)
• Khan M, Ashraf M Human iPS Cells Derived Skeletal Muscle Progenitor Cells Promote Myoangiogenesis and Restore Dystrophin in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophic Mice Stem Cell Res Ther 2021-02-13 [PMID: 33579366] (IHC-Fr, Human)
• Yarla NS, Pathuri G, Gali H et al. Discovery and Development of a Novel mPGES-1/5-LOX Dual Inhibitor LFA-9 for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Journal of Inflammation Research 2020-12-31 [PMID: 33408499] (Flow Cytometry, Mouse)
• Schlotter F, de Freitas RCC, Rogers MA Et al. ApoC-III is a novel inducer of calcification in human aortic valves J Biol Chem 2020-12-18 [PMID: 33334888] (FLOW, Human)
  
  Details:
  Citation using the PE version of this antibody.
• Torres JA, Rezaei M, Broderick C et al. Crystal deposition triggers tubule dilation that accelerates cystogenesis in polycystic kidney disease J. Clin. Invest. 2019-07-30 [PMID: 31361604] (IHC-P, Rat)
• Komegae EN, Fonseca MT, da Silveira Cruz-Machado S et al. Site-Specific Reprogramming of Macrophage Responsiveness to Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide in Obesity Front Immunol 2019-06-28 [PMID: 31316525] (FLOW, Rat)
• Yang B, Kilari S, Brahmbhatt A et al. CorMatrix Wrapped Around the Adventitia of the Arteriovenous Fistula Outflow Vein Attenuates Venous Neointimal Hyperplasia Sci Rep. 2017-10-30 [PMID: 29085001] (WB, Mouse)
• Hurtgen BJ, Ward CL, Leopold Wager CM et al. Autologous minced muscle grafts improve endogenous fracture healing and muscle strength after musculoskeletal trauma Physiol Rep 2017-07-01 [PMID: 28747511] (FLOW, Mouse)
• Northrup HM Effects of Treatments on the Geometry and Vascular Biomechanics of Arteriovenous Fistulas in Rodents and Patients Thesis 2022-01-01
• Pan X, Zhang K, Shen C et al. Astaxanthin promotes M2 macrophages and attenuates cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction by suppression inflammation in rats Chin. Med. J. 2020-08-05 [PMID: 32701588] (FLOW, Rat)
  
  Details:
  Citation using the Allophycocyanin format of this antibody.
• Somarathna M, Isayeva-Waldrop T, Al-Balas A et al. A Novel Model of Balloon Angioplasty Injury in Rat Arteriovenous Fistula J. Vasc. Res. 2020-05-12 [PMID: 32396897] (IF/IHC, Rat)
• Shibata M, Sarada-Shiba M, Shibata E et al. Crude alpha -Mangostin Suppresses the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Apoe-Deficient Mice by a Possible M2 Macrophage-Mediated Mechanism Int J Mol Sci 2019-04-07 [PMID: 30959963] (ICC/IF, IHC-P, Mouse)
• Liu J, Han Z, Chen G et al. CEST MRI of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury NMR Biomed 2018-06-13 [PMID: 29897643] (IF/IHC, Mouse)

Reviews for CD68/SR-D1 Antibody (NB600-985) (2)

Average Rating: 4.5

(Based on 2 reviews)

We have 2 reviews tested in 2 species: Feline, Other.

reviewed by: Verified Customer IHC-Fr Feline 03/09/2018

Summary

• Application: Immunohistochemistry-Frozen
• Sample Tested: macrophage
• Species: Feline
• Lot: 1602

reviewed by: Verified Customer IHC-P Other 06/02/2014

Summary

• Application: Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
• Sample Tested: cynomolgus monkey spleen
• Species: Other

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CD68
• Entrez:
  • 287435(Rat)
• Uniprot:
  • Q4FZY1(Rat)