VEGF Antibody - BSA Free

Western Blot: VEGF Antibody [NB100-2381] - Detection of VEGFA doublet in CSF-IR/VEGFA chimera transfected lysate using.

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Bv, Ca, Ch, Eq, Gp
• Applications: WB, ELISA
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Format: BSA Free
• Concentration: 1.0 mg/ml

VEGF Antibody - BSA Free Summary

• Immunogen: A synthetic peptide made to an internal region of the human VEGFA protein sequence (between residues 180-232). [Swiss-Prot: P15692]
• Localization: Secreted
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Gene: VEGFA
• Purity: Immunogen affinity purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA 1:500
  • Western Blot 1 ug/mL
• Application Notes: In Western blot , a band is seen at ~42 kDa with a chimera transfected lysate representing the homodimer VEGFA. Another faint band is seen at ~21 kDa, representing the monomer form of VEGFA. The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors. This antibody did not work in IHC.
• Control:

  VEGF Overexpression Lysate

• Control Peptide:

  VEGF Protein (NB100-2381PEP)

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at 4C. Do not freeze.
• Buffer: PBS
• Preservative: 0.09% Sodium Azide
• Concentration: 1.0 mg/ml
• Purity: Immunogen affinity purified

Alternate Names for VEGF Antibody - BSA Free

• MVCD1
• VAS
• vascular endothelial growth factor A
• Vascular permeability factor
• Vasculotropin
• VEGF
• VEGFA
• VEGF-A
• VEGFMGC70609
• VPF
• VPFvascular endothelial growth factor

Background

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also called VEGF-A and vascular permeability factor (VPF), is a secreted homodimeric glycoprotein belonging to the VEGF family with a role in stimulating angiogenesis and vasculogenesis (1,2). More specifically, VEGF-A secretion from most cell types contributes to promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration, inhibiting apoptosis, increasing vascular permeability, and wound healing (1). The VEGF family consists of several members including VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E, VEGF-F, and placenta growth factor (PLGF) (1-4). As a result of alternative splicing of the eight exon VEGFA gene, there are several VEGF-A protein isoforms of 121, 145, 165, 183, 189, and 206 amino acids (aa) in length, with VEGF121 and VEGF165 being the two most expressed isoforms (1,5). Full length VEGF-A monomer has a 26 aa signal sequence plus a 206 aa (VEGF206) sequence, with a theoretic molecular weight (MW) of 27 kDa, containing VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and VEGR2 binding sites and heparin-binding domains (1-3,5,6). VEGF121 lacks heparin affinity and binds the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, whereas VEGF165 has moderate affinity for heparin and, in addition to being a ligand for VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, can also bind the co-receptors neuropilin 1 (NRP1) and NRP2 (1,5). Hypoxia and hypoxia-related genes such as HIF-1, EGF, and PDGF are major regulators angiogenesis and VEGF expression (1,3). VEGF signaling initiated by ligand binding to its receptors results in activation of different pathways including PI3K and MAPK and ultimately guides endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and survival (1,3). While VEGF plays an important role in promoting normal angiogenesis and blood vessel formation, its expression is often upregulated in tumors and other angiogenesis-related pathologies like osteroarthritis (OA) (1-5,7). Given its function, VEGF and its receptors have become a therapeutic target for treating cancer and blocking angiogenesis (4,5,7). A recombinant humanized monoclonal anti-VEGFA antibody called bevacizumab (Avastin) was first approved by the FDA in 2004 for the treatment of a number of cancers (1-3,5). Cancer patients may experience resistance to anti-VEGF antibodies and, as such, clinical studies are exploring combination treatment options with chemotherapies and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (3,5).

References

1. Melincovici CS, Bosca AB, susman S, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - key factor in normal and pathological angiogenesis. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2018;59(2):455-467.

2. Shaik F, Cuthbert GA, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Muench SP, Ponnambalam S, Harrison MA. Structural Basis for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Activation and Implications for Disease Therapy. Biomolecules. 2020;10(12):1673. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10121673

3. Apte RS, Chen DS, Ferrara N. VEGF in Signaling and Disease: Beyond Discovery and Development. Cell. 2019;176(6):1248-1264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.021

4. Matsumoto K, Ema M. Roles of VEGF-A signalling in development, regeneration, and tumours. J Biochem. 2014;156(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvu031

5. Itatani Y, Kawada K, Yamamoto T, Sakai Y. Resistance to Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Cancer-Alterations to Anti-VEGF Pathway. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(4):1232. Published 2018 Apr 18. doi:10.3390/ijms19041232

6. Uniprot (P15692)

7. Hamilton JL, Nagao M, Levine BR, Chen D, Olsen BR, Im HJ. Targeting VEGF and Its Receptors for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis and Associated Pain. J Bone Miner Res. 2016;31(5):911-924. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2828

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for VEGF Antibody (NB100-2381)(6)

Publications using NB100-2381

• Mohammed Rabiul Hosen, Qian Li, Yangyang Liu, Andreas Zietzer, Katharina Maus, Philip Goody, Shizuka Uchida, Eicke Latz, Nikos Werner, Georg Nickenig, Felix Jansen CAD increases the long noncoding RNA PUNISHER in small extracellular vesicles and regulates endothelial cell function via vesicular shuttling Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids 2021-06-04 [PMID: 34484864]
• David BT, Curtin JJ, Goldberg DC et al. Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) counteracts the acute death of cells transplanted into the injured spinal cord eNeuro [PMID: 31488552] (WB)
• Lin X, Ma Y, Qian T et al. Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Promotes Prehierarchical Follicle Growth and Yolk Deposition in the Chicken Theriogenology 2019-07-01 [PMID: 31400551] (WB, Chicken)
• Lu Z, Lin V, May A et al. HTRA1 synergizes with oxidized phospholipids in promoting inflammation and macrophage infiltration essential for ocular VEGF expression PLoS ONE 2019-05-17 [PMID: 31100080] (ELISA, Human, Mouse)
• Soto SF, Melo JO, Marchesi GD et al. Exposure to fine particulate matter in the air alters placental structure and the renin-angiotensin system PLoS ONE 2017-08-18 [PMID: 28820906] (ELISA, Rat)
• Su L, Rao K, Guo F et al. In ovo leptin administration inhibits chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis in female chicken embryos through the STAT3-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2012-07-01 [PMID: 22417645]

FAQs for VEGF Antibody (NB100-2381). (Showing 1 - 3 of 3 FAQs).

1. Why is the molecular weight of VEGF different from the similar antibody, for some companies the the molecular weight is 40KD)?
   • I can't comment on another company's antibody because I don't have any information about their products. I can tell you that VEGF is expressed in a variety of isoforms and is subject to various post-translational modifications that influence its apparent molecular weight in an SDS-PAGE gel compared to the theoretical molecular weight.
2. We are looking for a VEGFA antibody for use with porcine. Do you know if this antibody has actually been tested with porcine samples, or if cross-reactivity is just predicted based on homology? Is there any info or data regarding use with porcine?
   • The chimera transfected lysate shows on our website that is actually a porcine aorta endothelial cell line, which has been transfected with human VEGFR2. The antibody is detecting both the human protein and the endogenous porcine protein. We have received feedback from customers that NB100-2381 works in porcine tissues.
3. I am looking for an antibody for detection of VEGFA in bovine samples in an ELISA-type assay. I found NB100-2381H. Do you know if this product has been specifically tested with bovine or if cross-reactivity is merely predicted based on homology? Also, do you know if ELISA in this case refers to detection of actual endogenous protein in a sample or if the assay was peptide-based?
   • We verified ELISA as an application based on a customer review. They used the antibody to identify the recombinant protein. It has not yet been tested to detect the endogenous protein in other samples like blood or plasma. Bovine is listed as reactive species based on homology, but we will fully guarantee detection of the bovine protein with this product. We will also guarantee the ELISA application. This will go for both the HRP conjugated antibody NB100-2381H and the unconjugated antibody NB100-2381.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: VEGFA